Dioscorea nipponica
This is powerful stuff! Obviously we are all incredibly diverse and divergent with respect to our physiologies; what works incredibly well for me might not work for you (might even work against you); or, perhaps it'll benefit you in ways completely distinct from the effects which I've enjoyed. So, my review here is strictly in reference to my experience of the product, with no setting of the expectation that the reader will enjoy the same experience (which I guess should go without saying); YMMV. Alright then... I bought this product assuming that it would either (at best) work in the background or (at worst) be something which I'd throw away due to side effects; in fact, I really expected the latter (due to prior experience with something that just did not gel with me). ^ For what's worth, I'm pretty much always primed for the nocebo effect. So, one can imagine my surprise when only a single capsule was sufficient for producing some pretty welcome acute effects (taken in the morning on an empty stomach; no confounds either, since I had given everything else a chance to washout over the preceding week; wasn't even taking my multivitamin). Anyway, the easiest way to describe the psychological effects: calm and collected virility; an equanimous sense of masculinity. You feel all the stereotypical "positive" facets of idealized "manliness". ^ This all sounds corny as can be; don't know how to sum this up in more sophisticated terms? Well I guess this still isn't sophisticated, but maybe more concrete/specific: My experience was essentially a sense of confidence; a feeling of authority/weight; a desire to get things done; a lack of mental fatigue (despite the far from ideal conditions [stress, lesser sleep, heavy workload, etc.] during my first week trialing this supp); a total loss of any anxiety; and a completely natural/smooth/unforced inclination to have my chest pumped out (without any concurrent feeling of heightened aggression over trifling nonsense; in fact, much more calm/collected on that front. Nonetheless, "calm" does not entail "nice"; you feel more subjectively "manly" in the senses of "assertive", "authoritative", "strong", etc., but less interested in flying off the handle. Huge deal for me, because I've always been the sort "to lose my sh**" over small stuff) Regardless, it also improved my workouts in a pretty significant way; made pain feel "pleasurable", if that makes sense? Or maybe a better way to phrase it: powerfully motivational for those purposes. ^ Also, I take long walks, and I like to take the stairs at work; this supplement makes me want to run when I'm doing both; just this weird (but very welcome and pleasing) sense of vitality. Definitely an energizing supplement... but not in a stimulating way. ^^ I'm a healthy guy, and I'm still young, so I thought I was already at my "optimum" in terms of energy/vitality; apparently not! There was definitely room for improvement, and this supplement almost single-handedly provided the boost. And thankfully, both the psychological feeling of masculine well-being and the physical vitality have not been associated with any downsides relating to "cognitive function" (in the senses of learning, memory, complex thought and reasoning, etc.); my work requires me to write a f***k ton of conceptually complex writing on a daily basis, and I feel just as sharp as ever. With one capsule, I didn't notice much change in libido; but that's okay, because that's always been sky-high (even without sexual stimuli, "mildly horny" has always just been my moment-to-moment baseline). Two capsules though... now that's where things started going in a new direction; two capsules pushed my moment-to-moment baseline libido into "I will die, crushed underneath the weight of my own horniness, if I don't see my girlfriend right now"-territory. I've also noticed a significant enhancement of sexual pleasure with a two cap dosage, which I never expected (and am very happy about). ^ I'm tempted to try 3... but that'll turn the bottle into a pretty expensive proposition, so probably not. Now coming back to the bigger picture: zero side effects so far... and I've been taking this for a pretty decent/substantive duration. Also, took a 5 day break inbetween, and felt no "symptoms" of "withdrawal". Furthermore, ND's Dioscorea nipponica was my only supplement for a whole week; so all of the benefits described above occured without anything else in the mix. Right now I have a "stack" going, and Dioscorea is an integral part of it; definitely buying and using this supplement for as long as Nootropics Depot carries it. PS: People, review the product! I can't be the only person who enjoys this supplement; in fact, I can't understand how Tongkat Ali has so many reviews everywhere, while this has none anywhere! And yes, I tried the Tongkat Ali (2%); not for me. In fact, if you're like me and TA doesn't suit your constitution, then I really recommend this as an alternative for enhanced "virility".